Review Guide for Spring 2004 Interpersonal Communication Test 2

(FYI: to be updated prior to the test)

Also visit your text's website!!! Link here:  
http://www.wadsworth.com/cgi-wadsworth/course_products_wp.pl?fid=M20&product_isbn_issn=0534548865&discipline_number=25

Chapters 4-6
Here you will find review terms, student questions and my questions...this should help, many questions on the test are from this guide!

Possible Written Questions for this Test:
A. Show me that you know the meanings of connotative, denotative, concrete and abstract. To do so, write examples that demonstrate the difference between:
1) the connotative and denotative meanings of language
2) the difference between concrete and abstract language. Make sure to label each form of language.

B. What is meant by "verbal communication is symbolic?" In your response, include an example of the abstract, arbitrary and ambiguous nature of verbal communication.

C. What is meant by "nonverbal communication is symbolic?" In your response, include an example of the abstract, arbitrary and ambiguous nature of nonverbal communication.

D. What are the two types of space discussed in your text? (HINT: Territory and Personal Space but this won't be on the test question.) Name and give examples of each - making sure to include each on Hall's Distances too.

E. What does SOFTENS stand for? Give an example of each "letter" and explain why it is important. By using SOFTENS are you using verbal or nonverbal communication?

F. You will paraphrase selected "conversations" for content, intent, and tone.

G. Listening obstacles and non-listening behaviors.

Review Items

Chapter 4:  Verbal Communication

• What is meant by verbal communication? = words...not ummmmm or how loud you are. Verbal is "anything with a grammatical structure."
• What is meant by "Language is Symbolic." What is a symbol? Do you know the difference between the arbitrary, ambiguous, and abstract nature of language. This is an area to really go over again! People get frustrated here.
• Explain the "Principles of Verbal communication" (language and culture reflect each other, meanings are subjective, language is rule-guided -- regulative and constitutive rules -- punctuation of language shapes meaning -- demand withdraw pattern)
• "What do symbols do?" (define, evaluate, organize perceptions, allow hypothetical thought, allow self-reflection DON'T worry about Mead's ME).
• What is meant by "speech communities" (characteristics of gender speech communities, how to communicate effectively with persons with disabilities, what is the reappropriation of language?)
• What can you suggest on "how to improve one's use of language?"-- dual perspective, own your feelings and thoughts (use owned I language), respect with others say about their feelings and thoughts, strive for accuracy and clarity, be aware of levels of abstraction, indexing, avoid static evaluation and totalizing, use qualified language.
• What is the difference between the connotative (common meaning -- hot means wow!) and denotative (dictionary or literal meaning - hot means warm!)
• What is the difference between concrete (cold glass of diet coke with 3 ice cubes) vs. abstract (something to drink) language?
• Why should we concern ourselves with racist, sexist, or homophobic language?

Chapter 5: Nonverbal Messages

• Define it; how it is symbolic.   What is a symbol?
• What is meant by the "arbitrary, ambiguous, abstract nature of nonverbal communication?"
• Similarities with verbal messages -- rules, symbolic, intentional vs. unintentional, cultural bound, etc.
• Differences with verbal messages -- believable, multichanneled, continuous
• Principles (see text!)
• How can nonverbal communication communicate responsiveness, liking, and power?
• Types!
  • Facial
  • Eye
  • Touch
  • Smell
  • Paralanguage
  • Silence
  • Spatial
  • Territoriality
  • Artifactual
  • Space distances
  • Time!
  • Hall's SPACE
    
    

• Cultural Differences (especially gender).
  

• How to improve! Self awareness, dual perspective, mindfulness.

• Be able to summarize the video on advertising, Killing us Softly 3.

• Meanings and messages -- this is an active process created by cooperation between the source and the receiver. Thus, the message comes from the meanings in people, and that meanings are more than words and gestures.  The meanings are unique to each situation.  How we interpret it depends upon the context, how long we have known that person, our past experiences, the present circumstances, etc.

• Rules theory -- we discussed this as you broke the rules.  Remember that rules have rewards and sanctions, can be socially adjusted and taught, tend not to be explicit, and that they can take the if ____, then ____ format.

            Constitutive Rules – how does it count?  How do I interpret this under what circumstances?

            Regulative   Rules – How does this regulate communication?

• Remember both verbal and nonverbal communication can be intentional and unintentional.
  • A variety of codes communicate the same meaning
  • One code communicates a variety of meaning.
  • Nonverbal communication is more involved in creating meaning than verbal communication.
  • Interpretations of intentionally vary.
  • An intentional verbal code may be misperceived as having another intention.
  • An unintentional code perceived as intentional.

Chapter 6: Listening Notes and PowerPoint

• Listening defined as a choice...know the steps to being mindful!

Steps of mindful listening: CHOICE, physical reaction, selective perception, organizing, interpreting, responding, remembering!

• Listening vs. hearing   Listening is a mental process whereas hearing is a physical process.
• Obstacles to listening include external obstacles (message overload, message complexity and noise) and internal obstacles (preoccupation, prejudgment, lack of effort, not recognizing diverse listening styles, etc.)
• Forms of Nonlistening: pseudolistening, monopolizing, selective listening, defensive listening, ambushing, and literal listening).
• Adapt your listening for your goals! (to evaluate, for pleasure, for information, to support others)
  • Active listening (MOST DEFINITELY STUDY THIS AND PARAPHRASING!!) is a process of sending back to the speaker what the listeners thinks the speaker meant, both literally and emotionally.  Active listening does not mean simply repeating the speaker's exact words.  It is rather a process of putting into some meaningful whole your understanding of the speaker's total message - the verbal and the nonverbal, the content and the feelings. 
  • This includes a physical orientation with your body
    • we discussed SOFTENS -- the use of smile, open posture, facial expressions, touch through shaking hands (although we mentioned that this is sometimes not appropriate with officers, for example), eye contact, nodding of your head to show interest and space.
    • It also includes the hmm, ahhhh, ah huhs, as well as the go on's you bettcha, you go girl etc. (called minimal encouragers)
  • It includes paraphrasing or restating what you heard in your own words.
  • Finally, it includes asking open and closed questions.
• Paraphrasing for content, intent and tone (INDEED VERY IMPORTANT!!)
  • Content paraphrases concentrate upon the basics of the message, the content.
  • Intent focuses upon the reasons why you think that the speaker is telling you this.
  • Tone focuses upon the emotional impact of the message.

Use of owned language is essential in listening since it shows that the perceptions are your own.

Mindfulness 

• "being in the present"  this includes being intentional, purposeful.  You should try to create and recreate new categories when making perceptions, being open to new information and different points of view.  Here we also try not to rely too much on first impressions.

Student and Lori's Questions
DISCLAIMER:
There may be mistakes and typos...these are posted as they come in
and are often student submissions...take it as it is :)
Also, there may be page differences since many of these questions were posted last year!

What are artifacts?
A. Old antique items found at yard sales and auctions.
B. Facts about expression art used to describe the artist.
C. Personal objects that announce our identity and heritage.
D. Old items that are no longer any good.
The answer is C because we craft our image by how we
dress and what object, if any, we carry, and use.

When we use "i language" we are doing what with our thoughts and feeling?
A. blaming our thoughts and feelings on someone else
B. Owning up to our thoughts and feelings
C. Ignoring our thoughts and feelings

"B". When we use "I thoughts we are owning up to our thoughts and feelings with out blaming others(Wood Page 150) Ex. We'd say yes I did it. Instead of saying Well you did that first so that's why I did it. We try to blame others so the heat will go off us and onto the other person.

One of type of nonverbal communication is Haptics. What does that mean or do ?
A. the environmental factor that affect how we feel and act.
B. Refers to the body position and body motions
C. The sense of touch, one of our five senses

"C" Haptics is our sense of touch. The first of our five senses that we develop. We need Haptics even we are babies. If a mother were to not touch her baby a lot the baby would get the nonverbal communication of rejection. If the mother touches and gives her baby a lot of attention then the baby will get the nonverbal communication of affection and love

What does a hate speech imply?

A. Good Speech B. Bad Speech C. Dangerous Dehumanizing Language D.Yelling

Answer. C. It is a language that dehumanizes others.

Silence is:
A. Verbal B. Nonverbal

Answer. B Silence is a final type of nonverbal behavior.

The word "book", is an example of what kind of symbol that is not intrinsically connected to what it represents?

a) ambiguous -- b) arbitrary -- c) abstract -- d) both a and b -- e) none of the above

* the correct answer is (b) arbitrary * The answer is arbitrary because the word "book" has no necessary or natural connection to what you are reading. It is not intrinsically connected to what It represents.

Symbols allow us to do all of these except

a) define -- b) evaluate -- c) organize perceptions -- d) hypothetical thought -- e) they DO do all of the above

* the correct answer is (e) which is all of the above. This answer is correct because symbols allow us to define, evaluate, organize perceptions, and hypothetical thought. Also, symbols allow us to do much more.

Which one of the following is NOT a feminine communication rule?

a) use talk cooperatively - b) include others - c) use relationship built through dialogue - d) use communication through words as tools

* the correct answer is (d), use communication through words as tools. * This answer is correct because men use communication through words as tools, along with, assert themselves, use talk competitively, and talk instrumentally.

A technical term which refers to body positions and body motions is

a) kinesics- b) haptics - C) artifacts - d) chronemics

* the correct answer is (a), kinesics* this answer is correct because that is simply the definition of kinesics. It refers to the body positions and body motions*

By nurses and physicians draping stethoscopes around their necks and how they wear white is an example of

a) chronemics - b) proxemics - c) artifacts - d) paralanguage

* the correct answer is ( c ), artifacts * the answer is correct because artifacts are personal objects we use to announce our identities and heritage and to personalize our environments. Along with, we craft our image by how we dress and with what objects

Communication that is vocal but does not use words is

a) silence - b) paralanguage - c) proxemics - d) both (a) and (b) - e) both (a) or (c)

* the answer is (b) paralanguage* the answer is correct because that is what paralanguage does. It is vocal but does not use any words. It includes sounds and vocal qualities.

My mom tells me to "take out the trash." I assume I am supposed to take out the kitchen garbage because it appears to be vary full. Later, I get in trouble for not having emptied the bathroom and other garbage cans too. Our different understandings of what "take out the trash" means demonstrates that symbols are
A. Arbitrary
B. Ambiguous
C. Abstract

Answer: B, The meaning of trash was not clear-cut and precise. The misunderstanding was because symbols are Ambiguous. I figured the kitchen trash needed to be taken out badly and the others were not that full so they didn't need to be taken out. My mom, however, sees all the trash bins as one task and should be taken out at the same time. We both had different understandings of the same thing, showing symbols are ambiguous.

A set of sisters are fighting. In an attempt to end this fight the dad steps in telling them to forgive each other and apologize. The
oldest sister crosses her arms and says "I'm sorry" in a believable but sarcastic tone. The other sister repeats her older sister also crossing her arms. Once their apologies are done they both stomp off in opposite directions. In this example and in most communication,
A. Nonverbal communication is perceived to be more believable.
B. Verbal communication is perceived to be more believable.

Answer: A, Nonverbal communication is perceived to be more believable. In this story the girls both have their arms crossed and after apologizing they stomp off. To me this symbolized that their apologies were not heartfelt and real. People generally tend to believe nonverbal communication over verbal. Usually Nonverbal is the most trusted form of communication, but it can be misread sometimes too.

Which is not a similarity between verbal and nonverbal communication?

a. Both are symbolic
b. Both are culture-bound
c. Both are continuous
d. both are rule-guided

answer: c, because it is very difficult to stop nonverbal communication but it is very easy to stop talking

Totalizing is
a) acting as if one label for a person completely represents them
b) knowing every intimate aspect of a person
c) spending all your time with one friend

The correct answer is a). When we label a person and don't bother to find out anything else about him/her, and then think we know everything of any importance about that person, we are totalizing.

What does SOFTENS stand for?

Explanation in Lori's notes: Smile, open posture, facial expression, touch, eye contact, nods, and space.

Phillipe DuBois was a world class athlete. He won the gold at the Olympics in the early 1990s swimming and diving. His career was cut short when he was attempting one of his dives and hit his head on the diving board. There was widespread panic because Phillipe is gay and happened to be HIV positive. Everybody there judged him by his sexual orientation and stereotyped him because of that and his medical condition. Yet they forgot that he was a great athlete who partook in many Olympic games and won many gold awards. This type of labeling is called:

A) ambiguous
B) static evaluation indexing
C) totalizing
D) loaded language

Answer: The answer to that problem is C totalizing. Totalizing occurs when we respond to a person as if one label (one we have chosen or accepted from others) totally represents who he or she is. We fix on one symbol to define someone and fail to recognize many other aspects of who he or she is.

You and you're classmates are in the middle of a lecture. Everything is all quiet except for the professor. All of a sudden you hear a deep sigh almost like the sound of someone groaning but much more subtle from the person sitting next to you. What type of communication did this student display?

A) Chronemics
B) kinesics
C) proxemics
D) paralanguage

answer: The answer to that question is paralanguage(c). Paralanguage is communication that is vocal but does not use words. It includes sounds such as: murmurs, gasps and vocal qualities such as volume, rhythm, pitch and inflection. How we pronounce words, the accents we use and the complexity of our sentences.

John F. Kennedy was labeled the "First catholic president" by the media. What form of labeling does this represent?
a) Shaping Perspective
b) Affective Relationships
c) Totalizing
d) none of the above

answer c Totalizing: only one aspect of the whole person is used for a label

What are Constitutive Rules?

A.) Interaction by specifying when, how, where,and with who to talk about certain things.
B.) What communication means by specifying how to count, or interpret, specific kinds of communication.
C.) Understandings of what communication means and what behaviors are appropriate in various situations.


--------The correct answer is B. There are three different rules used to guide language. Constitution rules help us to understand respect, affection, and professionalism.

Which of the following does not represent a communication rule?

a. A shared understanding of what communication means.
b. Regulating interaction by specifying when, how, where, and with whom to talk about certain things.
c. A shared understanding of what behaviors are appropriate in various situations.
d. Understanding that people take turns speaking.
e. None of the above represent a communication rule.

Answer: b. Regulating interaction by specifying when, how, where, and with whom to talk about certain things.
Explanation: b. is the definition of regulative rules, whereas a., c., and d. are the definition of communication rules.

Which of the following terms describes a technique used to remind us that our evaluations apply only to specific times and circumstances?

a. Arbitrary. - b. Static evaluation. - c. Totalizing. - d. Indexing. - e. None of the above.

Answer: d. Indexing. Explanation: Indexing is a technique developed by early communication scholars to remind us that our evaluations apply only to specific times and circumstances.

What percentage of communication is represented by nonverbal communication?

a. Less than 15%. - b. About 47%. - c. Over 65%. - d. Greater than 95 %.

Answer: c. Over 65 %. Explanation: Scholars estimate that nonverbal behaviors account for 65% to 93%
of the total meaning of communication.

Which of the following does not have an influence on nonverbal communication?

a. Gender. - b. Room temperature. - c. Pronunciation. - d. Body posture. - e. None of the above.

Answer: e. None of the above Explanation: Gender is a factor of physical appearance, temperature is a
factor of environmental factors, pronunciation is a factor of paralanguage, body posture is a factor of kinesics, all of which are forms of nonverbal behavior.

Define Dual Perspective:
"Recognizing another person's perspective and taking that into account as you communicate."

List 3 of the 9 different types of nonverbal communication listed in chapter 5.
"Kinesics,Haptics,Physical Appearance,Artifacts, Environmental Factors,Proxemics and Personal Space, Chronemics,Paralanguage,Silence".

Non verbal communication is?

A. is perceived to be more believable - - B. Multi-channeled - - C. Continuous - - D. All of the above

Answer D. all the above.

What concept allows us to think about organizational quality of symbols, such as a good family and justice.

a.) abstract -- b.) reverse thinking -- c.) free thought

ANSWER a.) abstract We don't have to consider specific thought individually. It can be thought of in general terms.

What is one dimension of a relationship?
A.) power -- B.) liking -- C.) responsiveness -- D.) all the above

Answer D.) All the above -- All of these are Nonverbal communications establishing relationship meaning

* Symbols are what three things that hold representation of other phenomena?

A. Arbitrary, Ambiguous, Abstract
B. Definition, Evaluation, Organization
C. Hypothetical Being, Thought, Self Reflection
D. Constructive, Regulative, Arbitrary

The correct answer is A. For instance your name is a symbol that represents you. House is a symbol that stands for a particular kind of building. Love is a symbol that represents intense feelings. They are arbitrary because they are not connected to what they represent. Also it is ambiguous because their meanings aren't clear-cut. Abstract because they are not concrete or tangible. Therefore Arbitrary, Ambiguous, and Abstract are the best answers for this question.

*What type of nonverbal communication means the sense of touch, as in a handshake?

A. Kinesics - B. Haptics - C. Artifacts - D. Proxemics

The correct answer for this question is B. Haptics is the means of touch in nonverbal communication. Kinesics refers to body positions and movements. Artifacts are personal objects we use to identify our heritage and belongings. Proxemics refers to space and how we use it. Therefore B is the best answer for the question.

When I tell my friend we should be fashionably late for the dance and I show up 20 minutes late and she comes an hour later.. The way we interpreted the meaning of the symbol time is..

a. arbitrary -- b. ambiguous -- c. abstract

Correct Answer: b It is ambiguous because a person can say a word and it can have totally different meanings to each person.

If you were to walk into a room and see a boy and girl sitting next to each other and he has one arm around her shoulders and the other on her knee, he is using what form of nonverbal communication to convey that the girl is his significant other?

a. kinesics -- b. paracommunication - c. haptics

Correct Answer: c Haptics is the correct answer because it is the sense of touch. Touching can communicate power and status. By wrapping his arm around her he is being protective of what is his, possibly showing he feels in power of the relationship.

If the meaning of a word is not very clear cut or fixed, that would be an example of...

A) being arbitrary --B) being ambiguous -- C) being abstract -- D) improper speech

answer B -- To be ambiguous is to use a word that every one understands, but that can have a deeper meaning that varies from person to person. Everyone knows what having fun is, but to some people fun is sports, and to others it may be watching a movie. The same word can have different meanings for different people.

Paralanguage is important because
A) it can let someone know we're angry
B) it can signal that what we said was a joke
C) it affects how others perceive us
D) all of the above

answer D -- Paralanguage is any sound we make that isn't a real word, as well as the tone and accent we place on what we say. Paralanguage is a very useful tool that can allow us to express our feelings, modify what we say, and change how others perceive us.

What does Hypothetical Thought Mean?
a. Thinking about experiences that have not happened yet
b. Thinking that makes us spontaneous
c. Thinking that helps us to classify and evaluate experiences
d. Thinking about past experiences that helps us improve ourselves

Answer: A. Thinking about experiences that have not happened yet. By doing this type of thinking we are able to motivate ourselves to accomplish a goal, improve who we are, and it helps us to live in more than the present moment.

Recognizing another's persons perspective and taking that into account, is what form of verbal communication?
a)static evaluation
b)speech community
c)dual perspective
d)language

c-is the correct answer because, dual perspective is critical guideline for effective verbal communication

Which of the following is not a form of nonverbal communication?

a)body language - b)eye contact - c)posture - d)speaking

d-is the correct answer because, all of the other possible choices are obviously form of nonverbal communication which means all aspects of communication other than words themselves.

Which of the following would be considered a static evaluation?
A) my mom has been known to cook really well before
B) yesterday my mom cooked a good meal
C) my mom is a good cook
D) my mom has met people who cook also

What are three dimensions of relationship level nonverbal communication?
A) kinesics, haptics, physical appearance
B) personal space, paralanguage, silence
C) secure, anxious, fearful
D) responsiveness, liking, power

Loaded Language does what?
a:strongly slants perceptions and meanings
b:classifies a person or experience into a category
c:exists when people share norms about how to use talk
d:owns thoughts and feelings and does not blame them on others

answer: a; loaded language strongly slants perceptions and thus the meanings

Proxemics refers to how we use what in communication?
a:How we use time in communication
b:How we use touch in communication
c:how we use personal objects to announce our identity
d:how we use space in communication

answer:d Proxemics refers to the use of space in communication.

Sarah tells Katie, "I heard Ben likes you, are you going to talk to him?" and Katie responds, "No. He's a freshman." Katie's response is an example of:
a) Punctuation -- b) Loaded Language -- c) Totalizing -- d) Regulative Rules

Answer: C. Katie is dismissing Ben by only looking at one of his characteristics. She is labeling him as a freshman and ignoring his other qualities, which is Totalizing.

Mara tells her mother, "That would make my day," and her mother replies, "Don't use that tone of voice with me!" Mara is not in trouble because of what she said, but because of her use of:
a) Paralanguage -- b) Chronemics -- c) Artifacts -- d) Haptics

Answer: A. Paralanguage includes the use of vocal qualities such as volume, rhythm, pitch, and inflection to convey meaning. Mara conveyed negative feelings toward her mother by using a combination of these.

I am in a relationship with Ian.
This an example of what kind of verbal communication
a. Abstract -- b. Clear -- c. Detailed

Correct answer A --It is abstract because the word relationship is not concrete, relationship can mean so many things it is very broad

When my bestfriend shows affection towards me will give me a hug. This an example of what rule?
a.regulative rule
b. constitutive rule

Correct answer B -- because constitutive rules define communication by how to count or interpret a specific kind of communication.

When I greet someone and then after a few short words start to look away and leave I am demonstrating:
a. saying hello and good bye -- b.labeling -- c. punctuation

Correct answer C -- because punctuation defines the beginning and end to a interaction

I cross my arms and roll my eyes after jack makes a comment, I am expressing what kind of communication?
a. non-verbal communication
b. verbal communication

Correct answer A -- nonverbal communication is any noises/body language it is not words

Liz feels happy when she goes into a room painted with light colors and has lots of windows this an example of what?
A. Proxemics effecting feelings -- B. Chronmics effecting feelings -- C. Environment effecting feelings

Correct answer C -- environmental factors such as color and architecture effect how one feelings and then communication non-verbally.

Which of the following situations is considered to be the most abstract?
A. My cat Sadie loves to crawl. -- B. Animals love to crawl. -- C. That cat loves to crawl.

The correct answer is B. Animal is a very vague word and is considered to not be concrete or tangible. The definition of abstract is one which means they are not concrete or tangible. My cat is more specific than animals, and my can Sadie is the most specific.

Nonverbal Communication is made up of four main principles. Which one of these five does not fit in?
A. May supplement or replace nonverbal communication.
B. Often establishes relationship-level meanings.
C. Often deals with the content meaning of our words.
D. May regulate interaction.
E. Often reflects and expresses cultural values.

The correct answer is C. Nonverbal communication is only dealing with our sounds, action, symbols, artifacts, etc. Nonverbal communication does not relate to our actual words, that is considered verbal communication. So therefore C is dealing with the verbal communication and not nonverbal communication.

1.  Words are _________, which means that they are not intrinsically connected to what they represent.
(Answer: arbitrary)

2.  How can we improve Verbal Communication?
a. Engaging in dual perspective -- b. Using our own thoughts and feelings -- c. Striving for accuracy and clarity
d. All of the above

Answer:  d. All of the above. All of these ways and more can be used to improve our verbal communication. .

3.  __________ allows us to monitor communication.
(Self-reflection)

4.  The speech community exist because people share what about how we use to talk and what purpose it serves?
a. common goals -- b. norms -- c. traits

correct answer is B

5.  What are communication rules?

a. shared understandings of what communication means and what behaviors appropriate behaviors situations.
b. shared beliefs with another person
c. regulate interaction by specifying when, how,where, and with whom to talk abut certain things.
d. regulate activities with people of the same gender role.

Correct answer A

6.  Constitutive rules-what communication means by specifying how certain communicative acts are to be counted. What do we learn counts?

a) respect b) affection c) rudeness d) all of the above

7.  What does the term ambiguous mean?
A. Clearly defined and exact. B. Meanings are not clear cut or fixed C. Another term for negative mood. D. When one describes the opposite of how they feel.

8.  Which of the following in NOT a characteristic of language:

a.  Language has rules.
b.  Language is non-arbitrary.
c.  Language is representational and presentational.
d.  Language shapes perceptions.

9.  Verbal and Nonverbal communication are both similar because:
a. they are symbolic --b. they are rule-guided--c. they are cultural-bond --d. all of they above

d. - Nonverbal communication is very similar to verbal communication in the 3 ways listed above and it may be intentional or unintentional.

10.  When using language, when should it be qualified?
a. Abstract words -- b. Generalization words -- c. Symbolized words - d. None of the above.

The answer is B. because when generalizing something you wanna use appropriate words otherwise people may get the wrong idea. The other time is when describing and evaluating people.

11.  What defines constitutive rules?
a. paying attention
b. affection
c. rudeness
d. all of the above

answer>d Communication rules define all of the following. It is what we learn that counts when communicating.

12.  Communication rules define all of the following. It is what we learn that counts when communicating.

An example of you-language is ________ and an example of I-language is
_________.

a) I feel hurt when you ignore me; you hurt me
b) I feel hurt when you ignore me; I feel small when you talk down to me
c) You hurt me; you are ignoring me
d) You hurt me; I feel hurt when you ignore me

The correct answer is D -- You language use "you" as
the subject and I language uses "I" as the subject

Affirmative Action has different meanings for people who have experienced discrimination and for those who have not. This is an example of a/an _____________ symbol.

1) Exclusive 2) Ambiguous 3) Regulative 4) Hypothetical 

Using one term to completely identify a person is:

a. racist b. prejudice c. totalizing d. pigeonholing

it's C because totalizing is using one term to completely label someone. Such as "he is tall" or "she is stupid".

Symbols are

a. Arbitrary b. Abstract c. agape d. ambiguous e. a,b,& d

Correct answer e. Arbitrary for example gay meant lighthearted and merry but today it means homosexual. Abstract is not concrete or not understanding. Ambiguous the meanings are not clear-cut

When using language, when should it be qualified?

a. Abstract words b. Generalization words c. Symbolized words d. None of the above.

The answer is B. because when generalizing something you wanna use appropriate words otherwise people may get the wrong idea. The other time is when describing and evaluating people.

True or False? Communication rules are shared understandings of what communication means and what behaviors are appropriate in varying situations?

A. True
B. False

Answer: True

If a friend walked in the room hand-in-hand with a woman and started to introduce her as his mate, companion, partner, lover or soul-mate. An you responded , "You mean a couple, a pair, romantically involved and domestic pair?" What kind of scenarios just took place?

A. An arbitrary one?
B. An Ambiguous one?
C. An Abstract one?

Nonverbal Communication -- Chapter 5

1.  Nonverbal communication includes not only hand gestures and body language but also how we utter words - inflection, pauses, tone, volume, and accent. T or F?

(answer: T)

2.  Which form of nonverbal communication means body language and motions?

a. Kinesics b. Hapatics c. Physical Appearance d. Artifacts

a. Kinesics. Kinesics is the technical term that refers to body language and motion.

3. ____________ is a technical term that refers to body position and body motions.

(Kinesics)

4.  Which is not a sign of nonverbal behavior?
a. rolling your eyes at a comment.
b. nodding while listening.
c. talking to a stranger
d. waving across the gym at your friend.

Correct answer c

5.  What is Kinesics?
a. how we talk to a person.
b. the body position and the body motions including those of the face.
c. the way we would listen to the person
d. it is a chemical term.

Correct answer B

6.  What are the three qualities of symbols:
a.)Definition
b.)Arbitrary
c.)Abstract
d.)Ambiguous
e.)b,c,d

7.  Which of the following is the first of our five senses to develop?
a) smell b) sight c) hearing d) haptics

8.  What are artifacts?
A. Old antique items found at yard sales and auctions. B. Facts about expression art used to describe the artist. C. Personal objects that announce our identity and heritage. D. Old items that are no longer any good

9.  An example of nonverbal communication is:

a.  telling someone that they look nice
b.  nodding your head when someone looks at you.
c.  when something tastes bad you say, “yuck!”
d.  using foul language toward others.

10.  Which isn’t a nonverbal message?

a.  facial
b.  silence
c.  spatial
d.  polarization

11. Juan is angry at  his girlfriend, Marguerite, for smiling at another man. She exclaims, "I was only smiling, I didn't intend to flirt, I was being friendly!"  The fact that Marguerite didn't mean for her smile to be a romantic advance is explained by this difficulty of encoding and decoding nonverbal communication:

a.  A variety of codes communicate the same meaning
b.  One code communicates a variety of meaning.
c.  Nonverbal communication is less involved in creating meaning than verbal communication.
d.  Interpretations of Intentionality vary.
 
Answer:  d.  The question focuses upon he fact that Marguerite didn't mean for her smile to be decoded, as flirtation is an issue of intentionality.  Her interpretation of her intent is different than her boyfriend's interpretation.
 
 

12. Marguerite tells Juan, "But while a smile could be a romantic advance, remember that a smile can mean many things.  A smile could be sarcasm, friendliness, and even anger."  Marguerite's explanation is best explained by this difficulty of encoding and decoding nonverbal communication:

A.  A variety of codes communicate the same meaning
B.  One code communicates a variety of meaning.
C.  Nonverbal communication is less involved in creating meaning than verbal communication.
D.  Interpretations of Intentionality vary.

Answer:
a.  One symbol can mean many things.  A smile in the wrong time in the wrong place could cause much confusion!

13.  " If you want to show friendliness, why not nod your head, just look up, or even wave!" Says Juan.  He is articulating this notion of nonverbal communication:

a.  A variety of codes communicate the same meaning.
b.  One code communicates a variety of meaning.
c.  Nonverbal communication is less involved in creating meaning than verbal communication.
d.  Interpretations of Intentionality vary.

Feedback:
a. Juan is discussing the notion that one meaning, friendliness, can be communicated with a variety of codes.

14.  We just had an argument an hour ago.  In the heat of the moment, I threw out all of our joint possessions.  However, in the process I also threw out my grandmother's ring given to me at graduation.  I am now crying because I just lost this valued possession.  When you enter the room, I quickly dry my tears.   I did not want anyone to see me crying, especially you!  When you see my face, you think that I am crying because I "want my way" in the argument we just had.   The miscommunication that we are experiencing demonstrates which of the following obstacles of nonverbal communication:

a.  Intentional nonverbal communication interpreted as unintentional.
b.  An intentional code misperceived as having another intention.
c.  An unintentional code perceived as intentional.
d.  A verbal code sent and received unintentionally.

Feedback:
a.  This is not an intentional code, nor was it seen as unintentional.
b.  It was not an intentional code.
c.  This is an unintentional code; I did not want anyone to see me.  Further, you see me as intentionally crying to "get my way."
d. This is not a verbal code.  Crying is nonverbal.
 

15.  During the dinner party, I loudly clear my throat to try to tell you to stop talking so much. However, you don't think anything of my attempts to silence you since I have a cold, you don't even notice my ah…hmmmms. Which of the following principles of intentionality of nonverbal codes does this interaction demonstrate?

a.  Intentional nonverbal communication interpreted as unintentional.
b.  An intentional code misperceived as having another intention.
c.  An unintentional code perceived as intentional.
d.  A code sent and received unintentionally.

Feedback:
a.  This is an intentional code, but it was seen as unintentional.  You thought that I had a cold (and thus had no intention to communicate with the noise) not that I was trying to silence you.
b.  While it was an intentional code you did not even notice it since I have a cold.
c.  This is an intentional code.
d.  This is not a verbal code; it follows no grammatical structure or rules.
 

16.  Unknown to you, Stephanie has been up all night studying for her communication test.  As she is talking to you she yawns.  You tell her, "If you want to leave, just do!" She is confused about what she means.   Which principle of intentionality does your interpretation of Stephanie's yawn demonstrate?

a.  Intentional nonverbal communication interpreted as unintentional.
b.  An intentional code misperceived as having another intention.
c.  An unintentional code perceived as intentional.
d.  A verbal code sent and received unintentionally.
 

Feedback:
a.  This not an intentional code, but it was seen as intentional.
b.  Try again.
c.  This is an unintentional code and you saw it as intentional.
d.  This is not a verbal code; it follows no grammatical structure or rules.

17.  Which of the following is not a form of nonverbal communication?
a.  You're crossing your arms when talking to me.
b.  Use of the space in your room.
c.  Your new engagement ring on your left hand.
d.  Clearing your throat.
e.  A trucker saying, "10-4."

Feedback:
a.  This is nonverbal
b.  This is nonverbal
c.  This is nonverbal
d.  This is nonverbal
e.  This is verbal; it follows a grammatical structure.  It is a code used by a only a certain segment of the population, but a verbal code nonetheless.
 

18.  Mike is trying to determine what you mean by your head nod to the right.  What should Mike consider in his "reading" of your nonverbal communication?

a.  How does that person normally act?
b.  How does that person express emotions?
c.  What about the context should I take into account?
d.  All of the above. 
Answer:  d.  All of these factors must be considered.
 

19. You have just asked me, "Do you want to discuss this?" In response, I only sigh. Both of our messages are examples of verbal codes.

a. True
b. False

Feedback::  Your words are examples of verbal communication; my sigh is nonverbal communication. Verbal codes are those codes of communication consisting only of words and word vocalizations.

20. It has been a horrible day! You do not want to communicate with the world so you put your favorite hat and sweats on and take a walk by yourself. While you do not want to communicate with anyone, you are still communicating nonverbally through your clothes.

a. True
b. False

Feedback:  Clothing and other artifacts are examples of nonverbal communication.

21. Concerning touch, men are touched more than women are.

a. True
b. False

Feedback:: Men are not touched more than women are.

22. Body piercing is a not considered a type of nonverbal communication since it is an artifact, not part of your body itself.

a. True
b. False

Feedback: Artifacts do communicate. They "are ornaments or adornments we display that hold communicative potential, including jewelry, hairstyles, cosmetics, automobiles, canes, watches, shoes, portfolios, hats, glasses, tattoos, body piercing, and even the fillings in your teeth." Further, "these cues show age, gender, status, role, socioeconomic class, personality, and relation to the opposite sex." They can also indicate "time in history, the time of day, and the climate."

23. The space from touch to 1 inch is called "personal distance."

a. True
b. False

Hall's four categories of space include: Intimate Distance: touch - 18 inches; Personal Distance: 18 inches to 4 feet; Social Distance: 4 feet to 12 feet; and Public Distance: exceeds 12 feet.

24.  When I leave my backpack on my desk, as if saying this is my "space," I am demonstrating ___________.

Feedback:  Territoriality "refers to your need to establish and maintain certain spaces as your own" like "your parking space" or "your desk."

25. When I move back because you have to close to me, as if I am saying, "Hey, move back, you are in my space," I am demonstrating my ___________ ___________.

Feedback: Personal Space is your personal "bubble" which is always with you. You can see this when someone approaches you too closely. As they get "too close," you tend to move backward.

26. The ________ distance of Hall's categories of space includes distances between four feet to twelve feet.

Feedback: Social distance is the distance between four feet to twelve feet. It tends to be the "comfort zone" for most people in social settings

27. I notice you looking at me and I blush, smile and then turn my head. According to the text I:
 
a. Transmitted a message through a verbal code.
b. Transmitted a message through a nonverbal code.
c. Did not engage in communication since I did not have control over these bodily reactions.
d. Was sending verbal and nonverbal messages.
 
Feedback:
a. Try again, if I sent a verbal code, I would be using words.
b. RIGHT! Nonverbal codes include all elements of communication that are not words, so this is a form of nonverbal communication; even if you did not intend to send the message, it is still considered communication.
c. Try again, communication includes unintentional messages.
d. Try again, no verbal messages were described here.

 
28. I am unsure of what your message means when you look at me with a raised eyebrow. I am having problems with:
 
a. Encoding your nonverbal messages.
b. Decoding your nonverbal messages
c. Encoding your verbal messages.
d. Decoding your verbal messages.
 
Feedback:
a. Encoding is process of putting your own thoughts and emotions into words and actions. Try again. Decoding is the process making sense of others words and actions.
c. Encoding is process of putting your own thoughts and emotions into words and actions. This is not a verbal message, raising your eyebrows is a nonverbal. Try again.
d. While decoding is the process making sense of others words and actions, this is not a verbal message. Raising your eyebrows is a nonverbal code. Try again.

29.  It has been a horrible day! You do not want to communicate with the world so you put your favorite hat and sweats on and take a walk by yourself. While you do not want to communicate with anyone, you are still communicating nonverbally through your clothes.

a. True
b. False

Feedback:  Clothing and other artifacts are examples of nonverbal communication.

30. ___________ is the nonverbal communication term for touch.
a. Kinesics
b. Proxemics
c. Haptics
d. Chronemics
c. - Haptics is the sense of touch, the first of our five senses to develop.
p. 160

31.  All of the following are ways to improve your nonverbal communication
except:
a. being aware of the ways you communicate
b. be tentative interpreting others' nonverbal communication
c. use concrete rather than abstract language
d. ask a friend for feedback

c. - Using concrete rather than abstract language is a guideline for
improving verbal communication. Verbal improvement guidelines:
Nonverbal improvement guidelines:

32.  What does the term Kinesics mean?

a. Energy
b. Touch
c. Power
d. Body position and motion

The Answer is D..Kinesics refers to body position and body motion.


33.  Nonverbal and verbal communication are similar in all the
following ways except:

a.Symbolic
b. rule-guided
c. intentional
d. perceived to be more believable

answer >d Nonverbal communication is more believable than verbal
because it is more trustworthy, especially when messages
are inconsistent

34. Nonverbal communication is similar to verbal communication in many respects including the fact that nonverbal communication.....

1) is symbolic. 2) is rule-guided. 3) is culture bound. 4) is all of the above.

35. Kinesics is

a. inertia and movement of an object b. potential energy c. a series of toning exercises d. gestures and positions

It is D because Kinesics is the term given to the gestures we use to accentuate our speech--it is yet another facet of NVC.

36. When using nonverbal communication do we perceive this to be more believable than verbal communication?
a. Yes, people perceive nonverbal communication as more trustworthy than verbal communication
b. No, talking in general is more believable than nonverbal communication

Correct answer a. People are particularly likely to think that nonverbal communications accurately reflects the feeling

37. Verbal and Nonverbal communication are both similar because:

a. they are symbolic
b. they are rule-guided
c. they are cultural-bond
d. all of they above

d. - Nonverbal communication is very similar to verbal communication in the 3 ways listed above and it may be intentional or unintentional.

38. ___________ Is the nonverbal communication term for touch.
a. Kinesics b. Proxemics c. Haptics d. Chronemics

c. - Haptics is the sense of touch, the first of our five senses to develop.

39.All of the following are ways to improve your nonverbal communication except:
a. being aware of the ways you communicate
b. be tentative interpreting others' nonverbal communication
c. use concrete rather than abstract language
d. ask a friend for feedback

c. - Using concrete rather than abstract language is a guideline for improving verbal communication. Verbal improvement guidelines: Nonverbal improvement guidelines:

40. What does the term Kinesics mean?

a. Energy b. Touch c. Power d. Body position and motion

The Answer is D..Kinesics refers to body position and body motion...

41. Nonverbal and verbal communication are similar in all the following ways except:
a.Symbolic
b. rule-guided
c. intentional
d. perceived to be more believable

answer >d Nonverbal communication is more believable than verbal because it is more trustworthy, especially when messages are inconsistent

42. Verbal communication tends to be more believable than nonverbal communication because words have a specific meaning.
A True.
B. False.

The correct answer is B. False. Most people perceive the nonverbal communication to be more trustworthy.

43. 1. Arbitrary, ambiguous and abstract representation of phenomena is the definition of:
A) verbal communication B) symbols C) nonverbal communication D) messages

ANSWER: B

44. Nonverbal Communication is:

A) continuous B) multi-channeled C) more believable D) all the above

ANSWER: D

45. Equilibrium Theory states:

A) you establish a protective body buffer zone
B) what happens when you increase or decrease distance
C) intimacy and distance vary together
D) none of the above

ANSWER: C

46. What does it mean if something is arbitrary?

a. Something is not what it seems.
b. Something is clearly defined.
c. Something is never the same.
d. Something which means they are not instinctively connected.

Answer = D

47. Which is not a type of nonverbal communication:

a. Touch
B. Kinesics
c. Personal Objects
d. Arguments

Answer: An argument is words, anything other than words is nonverbal.

48. Unlike verbal communication, nonverbal communication is not rule governed.

A. True
B. False

answer: false

49. True or False, Nonverbal communication is the same in every culture.

A. True B. False

answer: false

Chapter 6: Listening Questions:

Student Review Questions:
Complete with your very own typos, potential inconsistencies...my disclaimer is this: I post them as you send them!

1. The general category of listening which the receiver is fully involved in the listening and gives verbal and nonverbal feedback is called:
a.)Active listening b.)Empathic listening c.)Critical listening d.)Mindless listening

____ is simply the act of receiving sound, whereas _____ is the mental process of making sense or interpreting aural stimuli.

2. I find myself daydreaming during my communication course and have trouble concentrating on the materials that the teacher is presenting to us. My distraction is an example of a:
a.         Physical Obstacle
b.         Internal Obstacle
c.         Factual Obstacle
d.         External Obstacle Distraction

3. Lawrence is having trouble listening effectively in his advanced philosophy course. Usually he listens well in class, but the professor in this case is presenting such complicated ideas that Lawrence has difficulty following and retaining the lectures. Lawrence is experiencing a listening obstacle known as

a.         message overload
b.         preoccupation
c.         message complexity
d.         prejudgment
e.                   lack of mindfulness

4. While visiting her parents on a break from school, Deena doesn't pay attention to much of what they say. She lets much of their communication just go in one ear and out the other without her ever listening. However, when her mother mentions going shopping to get some new clothes and good novels for Deena to take back to school, Deena listens attentively. This is an example of

a.         defensive listening
b.         prejudgment
c.         selective listening
d.         mindless listening

5. When one is not mindfully listening, they are listening with their...

a. Feet b. Ears c. Heart d. Eyes

Answer: a. Feet. When we listen mindfully, we listen with our ears, heart and eyes.

6. Questions for test:
(self-reflection)__________________ allows us to monitor communication.

7. (mindfulness) is a concept from Zen Buddhism that refers to being fully present in the moment.

8. What is the first step in listening?

a. making the decision to be mindful.
b. being an active listener
c. responding to the talker
d. smiling and nodding a lot.

Correct answer A

9. What is not a form of nonlistening?
a. pseudolistening b. selective c. defensive d. all of the above.

Correct answer D

10. One purpose of active listening is:
a.  pretend to be interested
b.  show you are listening
c.  get your opinion across
d.  wait for your turn to talk.

11. The process of sending back to the speaker what the listener thinks the speaker mean is known as:

a.  paraphrasing
b.  active listening
c.  feedback
d.  rephrasing

12. Listening begins with receiving the messages the speaker sends.  The messages are:

a.  verbal and nonverbal
b.  they consist of words as well as gestures
c.  consist of facial expressions
d.  all of the above.

13. Being mindful is being fully present in the moment true or false

Correct true

14. Which form of non-listening is "pretending to listen":

A)monopolizing B)selective C)pseudolistening D)defensive

ANSWER:C

15. Select one word to complete the following sentence. ___________ is the first step in effective listening.
A. Hearing.
B. Focusing
C. Mindfulness
D. Selection

16. The correct answer is C. Mindfulness. Page 181. "Mindfulness is the first step in effective listening, and it is the foundation for all other parts of the process."

17. The process of retaining what you have heard is ___________________.
a) Communication
b) Responding
c) Remembering
d) A & B

The final part of listening is remembering, which is the process of retaining what you have heard.

18. Hearing is a physiological activity but listening is more than that, it involves relying on our _________
a) eyes,ears, hearts
b) eyes, heart, mind
c) ears, eyes, mind
d) ears, heart, mind

the correct answer, is D. Listening involves our ears, hearts, and mind since it involves hearing while being mindful, interpreting communication, organizing information, responding and remembering.

19. What is a Physiological activity that occurs when sound waves hit our ear drums?
a. Sonic Boom b. Hearing c. listening d. vibration

Answer b hearing wood definition

When one is not mindfully listening, they are listening with their...

a. Feet b. Ears c. Heart d. Eyes

a. Feet. When we listen mindfully, we listen with our ears, heart and eyes.

 

Chapter 6 - Which is a type of nonlistening? A. Singing B. Monopolizing C. Daydreaming D. Just plain being a dork

What is the first step in listening?
a. making the decision to be mindful.
b. being an active listener
c. responding to the talker
d. smiling and nodding a lot.

Correct answer A

What is not a form of nonlistening?
a. pseudolistening b. selective c. defensive d. all of the above.

Correct answer D

One purpose of active listening is:
a.  pretend to be interested
b.  show you are listening
c.  get your opinion across
d.  wait for your turn to talk.

Listening begins with receiving the messages the speaker sends.  The messages are:

a.  verbal and nonverbal
b.  they consist of words as well as gestures
c.  consist of facial expressions
d.  all of the above.
 

These are resources, I am now updating, revising and writing -- use the questions as you would like...I have selected to post questions which are very relevant to the items listed above. They represent an excellent sampling of the kinds of test questions I write. However, some content may have come from a different text. If it looks completely foreign, perhaps it is! I cover different items each class each year, these are just FYI...but many ARE on the test (or other questions just like them)...I am still adding your questions...

Listening Multiple Choice Questions

1. Yuko and Molly are studying the patterns of interpersonal relationships for their communication studies test. When Molly begins to recite the deterioration phases of relationships she says, "Deterioration is a word for the break-up time!" Just from hearing the phrase "breakup," Yuko loses all concentration and begins thinking about the problems she and her boyfriend are currently having. Which of the following barrier or distraction associated with language did Yuko experience while listening to Molly?

a. A physical distraction/barrier
b. A mental distraction/barrier
e. A factual distraction/barrier
d. A semantic or language distraction/barrier

Feedback:
a. Physical distractions are all stimuli in the physical environment that keeps you from focusing on the speaker and the message. For example, loud noises, cold temperatures, bright lights are all examples of physical distractions.
b. A mental distraction is the wandering of the mind when it is supposed to be focused on something.
c.  Factual distractions occur when you focus so intently on the details that you miss the main point of the message.
d. Semantic distractions occur when you over-respond to an emotion-laden word or concept.

2. Statia and Robert are discussing the math theorem they covered in class an hour ago. Robert just can't seem to understand the "main point" of the theory, but oddly he can recite every related detail! He continues thinking about the details and can't remember the main idea Statia is explaining to him. His listening distraction (or also called barrier)  is an example of a:

a. Physical Distraction
b. Mental Distraction
e. Factual Distraction
d. Semantic Distraction

Feedback:
a. Physical distractions are all stimuli in the physical environment that keeps you from focusing on the speaker and the message. For example, loud noises, cold temperatures, bright lights are all examples of physical distractions.
b. A mental distraction is the wandering of the mind when it is supposed to be focused on something.
c. Factual distractions occur when you focus so intently on the details that you miss the main point of the message.
d. Semantic distractions occur when you over-respond to an emotion-laden word or concept.
 

3. I find myself daydreaming during my communication course and have trouble concentrating on the materials that the teacher is presenting to us. My distraction is an example of a:

a. Physical Distraction
b. Mental Distraction
c. Factual Distraction
d. Semantic Distraction

Feedback:
a. Physical distractions are all stimuli in the actual physical environment that keep you from focusing on the speaker and the message, for example loud noises, cold temperatures, bright lights are all examples of physical distractions.
b. A mental distraction is the wandering of the mind when it is supposed to be focused on something.
c. Factual distractions occur when you focus so intently on the details that you miss the main point.
d. Semantic distractions occur when you over-respond to an emotion-laden word or concept.

4. During a meeting at work the air conditioning has made the room so cold that I can not even concentrate on what my boss is telling me! This is an example of a:

a. Physical Distraction
b. Mental Distraction
c. Factual Distraction
d. Semantic Distraction

Feedback:

a. Physical distractions are all stimuli in the actual physical environment that keep you from focusing on the speaker and the message, for example loud noises, cold temperatures, bright lights are all examples of physical distractions.
b. A mental distraction is the wandering of the mind when it is supposed to be focused on something.
c. Factual distractions occur when you focus so intently on the details that you miss the main point.
d. Semantic distractions occur when you over-respond to an emotion-laden word or concept.

5. As we sit in our philosophy class, I find myself not only taking notes, but also evaluating the accuracy of what the teacher is saying about Marxism. I am engaged in:

a. Active listening
b. Empathic listening
c. Critical listening
d. Mindless listening

Feedback:
a. Active listening is involved listening with a purpose.
b. Empathic listening, a form of active listening, is listening with a purpose while also attempting to understand the other person and their world view as if it were your own.
c. Critical listening challenges the speaker's message by evaluating its accuracy, meaningfulness, and utility.
d. Try again.

6. Nicole is listening to Jo talk about her frustrations with her mother. To better understand where JO is coming from, Nicole applies the Native American adage, "put yourself in the other person's moccasins." She now not only listens to get the message correct but also tries to imagine what it must be like to be JO Nicole's form of listening is best described as:

a. Active listening
b. Listening to support
c. Listening to evaluate
d. Mindless listening

Feedback:
a. Active listening is involved listening with a purpose.
b. Empathic listening, or listening to support, a form of active listening, is listening with a purpose and attempting to understand the other person and their world view as if it were your own.
c. Evaluative listening challenges the speaker's message by evaluating its accuracy, meaningfulness, and utility.
d. Try again.

7. The general category of listening in which the receiver is fully involved in the listening process, has a purpose for listening and gives verbal and nonverbal feedback is called:

a. Active listening
b. Empathic listening
c. Critical listening
d. Mindless listening

Feedback:

a. Active listening is involved listening with a purpose.
b. Empathic listening, a form of active listening is listening with a purpose and attempting to understand the other person and their world view as if it were your own.
c. Critical listening challenges the speaker's message by evaluating its accuracy, meaningfulness, and utility.
d. Try again.

1. Research suggests that people listen most critically to those whom they regard as equals.

a. True
b. False

Feedback: people listen most critically to someone regarded as an equal because they feel they can argue and respond critically; someone regarded as being below someone else in intelligence , social status, or economic standing may be asked little and heeded less. On the other hand, high status individuals are often listened too uncritically.
 
 

2. Possessing an egocentric conception of self allows one to effectively focus upon listening.

a. True
b. False

Feedback: Egocentrism is an "excessive self-focus;"   thus, an egocentric individual sees him or her self and the central concern of every conversation or interaction with others. "Egocentric people do not listen effectively because the only thing that really matters to them is themselves;" any communication received not directly relating to themselves is often misperceived or missed altogether.

1. ___________ is simply the act of receiving sound, whereas __________ is the mental process of making sense or interpreting aural stimuli.

a. Hearing and Listening

Feedback:

a. Hearing is the physical process whereas listening is the mental process.

2. ___________ refers to interference in the communication process from external and internal sources.

a. Noise

Feedback:

a. Whenever communication is interrupted, it is referred to as "noise."
 

4. _________ listening is a type of active listening that challenges the speaker's message by evaluating its accuracy, meaningfulness, and utility.

a. Critical or  Evaluative

Feedback:  critical or  evaluative listening is listening which criticizes or evaluates the message.
   

5. __________ is excessive self-focus. Such self-absorption becomes an obstacle to listening.

a. Egocentrism

Feedback: Egocentrism  is defined as focusing so much on yourself that you are unable to listen to others. People who are egocentric think of themselves first and foremost.
 

6. __________ is defined as the ability to perceive another person's worldview as if it were your own whereas ____________ is understanding the other's perspective as well as your own..

a. Empathy and then Dual Perspective.

Feedback:  empathy is the ability to walk in someone else's shoes. When you empathize you try to understand them as they understand themselves.

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